Windrower Models — Browse All Makes & Manufacturers

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Disc headers use rotating cutting discs to sever the crop and deliver it to a conditioning system, and are the most common configuration for hay and forage crops. Draper headers use a belt-based platform to deliver cut crop to the center of the machine without the bunching that auger-based systems can cause in heavy or tangled crop – a design that has become increasingly common in small grain swathing applications where uniform windrow formation is critical for even dry-down.

The two main conditioning systems are roll conditioners and impeller conditioners. Roll conditioners – either intermeshing rubber rolls or steel crimp rolls – crack the stem cuticle to accelerate moisture loss. Impeller conditioners use a spinning rotor with tines or fingers to more aggressively lacerate the stem, achieving faster dry-down in dense or stemmy crops at the cost of slightly more leaf loss. The right choice depends on the crop type, the target dry-down speed, and the end use of the forage.

Cutting width directly determines field productivity – a wider header covers more acres per hour at the same ground speed. But width also affects windrow formation: the cut swath needs to match the pickup width of the baler or forage harvester that will follow. Oversized windrows that exceed the pickup capacity of downstream equipment create bottlenecks that eliminate the productivity advantage of the wider cut. Matching header width to the full harvesting system is as important as matching it to field size.

Self-propelled windrowers in good condition typically operate at field speeds between 8 and 15 miles per hour depending on crop density, header width, and field conditions. Some current-generation machines are capable of speeds above 20 mph in light crops, though effective operating speed is always limited by the ability to maintain consistent windrow formation and conditioning quality rather than the machine's mechanical ceiling.

The most wear-sensitive components on a windrower are the conditioning rolls or impeller tines, the cutting discs and knives, the header drive components, and the ground drive and hydrostatic system. Conditioning roll wear affects dry-down performance directly – worn rolls that no longer create effective stem contact deliver slower and less uniform dry-down regardless of how well the rest of the machine functions. Header knife condition and disc wear determine cutting quality and power consumption. A used windrower with high hours should be inspected specifically on these points before price is agreed.